॥ Shrī-Swāminārāyano Vijayatetamām॥
The Shrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā
Chapter 1
Arjun-Vishād-Yoga
Shlok 1.1
Dhrutarāshtra said
धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः ।
मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय ॥
dharmakshetre kurukshetre samavetā yuyutsavaha;
māmakāh pāṇḍavāshchaiva kimakurvata sanjaya.
O Sanjay! What did my sons and the Pāndavs, who were assembled in Kurukshetra, the land of dharma, and eager for battle, do?
Shlok 1.2
Sanjay said
दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा।
आचार्यमुपसङ्गम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत्॥
drushṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkam vyūḍham duryodhanastadā;
āchāryamupasangamya rājā vachanamabravīt.
Having seen the battle formation of the Pāndav army, King Duryodhan approached Dronāchārya and said the following words:
Shlok 1.3
पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम्।
व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता॥
pashyaitām pāṇḍuputrāṇāmāchārya mahatīm chamūm;
vyūḍhām drupadaputreṇa tava shishyeṇa dhīmatā.
O Teacher (Drona)! Behold this large army belonging to the sons of Pāndu and organized for war by your brilliant disciple—the son of Drupad (Dhrushtadyumna).
Shlok 1.4-6
अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि।
युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः॥
atra shūrā maheshwāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi;
yuyudhāno virāṭashcha drupadashcha mahārathaha.
धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान्।
पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुङ्गवः॥
dhrushṭaketushchekitānah kāshirājashcha vīryavān
purujitkuntibhojashcha shaibyashcha narapungavaha.
युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान्।
सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः॥
yudhāmanyushcha vikrānta uttamaujāshcha vīryavān;
saubhadro draupadeyāshcha sarva eva mahārathāhā.
Here at war, there are warriors who are brave, wield great bows, and are like Bhīm and Arjun, such as Sātyaki, Virāt, the warrior chief Drupad, Dhrushtaketu, Chekitān, the valorous Kāshirāj, Purujit, Kuntibhoj, Shaibya—the greatest of men, the heroic Yudhāmanyu, the mighty Uttamaujā, Subhadra’s son Abhimanyu, and Draupadī’s sons—all who are warrior chiefs.
Shlok 1.7
अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम।
नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमिते॥
asmākam tu vishishṭā ye tānnibodha dvijottama;
nāyakā mama sainyasya sanjnārtham tānbravīmi te.
O Greatest of brāhmans[1] (Drona)! Now recognize our distinguished warriors. For your knowledge, I reveal to you the leaders of my army.
Shlok 1.8
भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जयः।
अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च॥
bhavānbhīshmashcha karṇashcha krupashcha samitinjayaha;
ashwatthāmā vikarṇashcha saumadattistathaiva cha.
Yourself (Dronāchārya), Bhīshma, Karna, and Krupāchārya are ever victorious in battle. Similarly, Ashwatthāmā, Vikarna, and Bhūrishravā, the son of Somadatt, are also present.
Shlok 1.9
अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः।
नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः॥
anye cha bahavah shūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāhā;
nānāshastrapraharaṇāh sarve yuddhavishāradāhā.
And many others are brave and armed with various weapons. They are all skilled at war and ready to sacrifice their lives for me.
Shlok 1.10
अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माऽभिरक्षितम्।
पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाऽभिरक्षितम्॥
aparyāptam tadasmākam balam bhīshmā’bhirakshitam;
paryāptam tvidameteshām balam bhīmā’bhirakshitam.
That army of ours, protected on all sides by Bhīshma, appears lacking. Whereas this army of the Pāndavs, protected fully by Bhīm, appears complete.
Shlok 1.11
अयनेषु च सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताः।
भीष्ममेवाऽभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि॥
ayaneshu cha sarveshu yathābhāgamavasthitāhā;
bhīshmamevā’bhirakshantu bhavantah sarva eva hi.
Therefore, all of you, stationed in your respective positions amidst all sides of the battle formation, be sure to certainly protect Bhīshma from all sides.
Shlok 1.12
तस्य सञ्जनयन् हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः।
सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान्॥
tasya sanjanayan harsham kuruvruddhah pitāmahaha;
sinhanādam vinadyochchaih shankham dadhmau pratāpavān.
The elder of the Kuru family, the powerful, grandfather Bhīshma loudly roared like a lion and blew the conch, kindling Duryodhan’s spirits.
Shlok 1.13
ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः।
सहसैवाऽभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत्॥
tatah shankhāshcha bheryashcha paṇavānakagomukhāhā;
sahasaivā’bhyahanyanta sa shabdastumulo’bhavat.
Thereafter, conches, kettle drums, tabors, mrudangs, and gomukhs[2] sounded suddenly. The resulting noise was tremendous.
Shlok 1.14
ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ।
माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः॥
tatah shwetairhayairyukte mahati syandane sthitau;
mādhavah pāṇḍavashchaiva divyau shankhau pradadhmatuhu.
Thereafter, standing on a grand chariot yoked with white horses, Shrī Krishna, the sovereign of māyā,[3] and Arjun, the son of Pāndu, blew their divine conches.
Shlok 1.15
पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः।
पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः॥
pānchajanyam hrushīkesho devadattam dhananjayaha;
pauṇḍram dadhmau mahāshankham bhīmakarmā vrukodaraha.
Shrī Krishna, the lord of the senses, blew the conch named Pāncajanya, the victor of wealth Arjun blew the Devadatt, and Bhīm, the doer of frightful deeds, resounded the great conch named Paundra.
Shlok 1.16
अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः।
नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ॥
anantavijayam rājā kuntīputro yudhishṭhiraha;
nakulah sahadevashcha sughoshamaṇipushpakau.
King Yudhishthir, the son of Kuntī, blew the conch named Anantvijay. Nakul and Sahadev sounded the Sughosh and the Manipushpak conches, respectively.
Shlok 1.17-18
काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः।
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चाऽपराजितः॥
kāshyashcha parameshwāsah shikhaṇḍī cha mahārathaha;
dhrushṭadyumno virāṭashcha sātyakishchā’parājitaha.
द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते।
सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक्॥
drupado draupadeyāshcha sarvashah pruthivīpate;
saubhadrashcha mahābāhuh shankhāndadhmuh pruthakpruthak.
O King! Kāshirāj, the possessor of a magnificent bow; the warrior chief Shikhandī; Dhrushtadyumna; Virāt; the undefeated Sātyaki; Drupad; the sons of Draupadī; and Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā and who wields great strength in his arms—they blew different conchs from all sides.
Shlok 1.19
स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत्।
नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन्॥
sa ghosho dhārtarāshṭrāṇām hrudayāni vyadārayat;
nabhashcha pruthivīm chaiva tumulo vyanunādayan.
That tremendous sound, which caused the sky and the earth to thunder, tore apart the hearts of Dhrutarāshtra’s sons and their allies.
Shlok 1.20-21
अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान्कपिध्वजः।
प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसम्पाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः॥
atha vyavasthitāndrushṭvā dhārtarāshṭrānkapidhvajaha;
pravrutte shastrasampāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaha.
हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यम् इदमाह महीपते।
hrushīkesham tadā vākyam idamāha mahīpate;
Arjun said
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत॥
senayorubhayormadhye ratham sthāpaya me’chyuta.
O King (Dhrutarāshtra)! Then, upon seeing Dhrutarāshtra’s sons and his allies in battle formation, Arjun, who bears the ensign of Hanumān on the flag of his chariot, became ready for battle. Upon raising his bow, he said the following to Shrī Krishna, “O The infallible (Krishna)! Take my chariot in between both armies…”
Shlok 1.22
यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान्।
कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन् रणसमुद्यमे॥
yāvadetānnirīkshe’ham yoddhukāmānavasthitān;
kairmayā saha yoddhavyamasmin raṇasamudyame.
…Until I can clearly see those warriors who are arranged in battle formation and desire war, so that I may see with whom I am to fight in this undertaking of war.
Shlok 1.23
योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं य एतेऽत्र समागताः।
धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः॥
yotsyamānānavekshe’ham ya ete’tra samāgatāhā;
dhārtarāshṭrasya durbuddheryuddhe priyachikīrshavaha.
I wish to see those warriors, who have gathered here to favor the wicked son of Dhrutarāshtra (Duryodhan) in war.
Shlok 1.24-25
Sanjay said
एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत।
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम्॥
evamukto hrushīkesho guḍākeshena bhārata;
senayorubhayormadhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam.
भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम्।
उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति॥
bhīshmadroṇapramukhatah sarveshām cha mahīkshitām;
uvācha pārtha pashyaitānsamavetānkurūniti.
O Descendant of Bharat (Dhrutarāshtra)! Spoken to in this way by Arjun, the one who has conquered sleep, Shrī Krishna positioned Arjun’s great chariot between both armies—in front of Bhīshma, Drona, and all the kings—and then said, “O Son of Pruthā (Arjun)! See these Kauravs, who have gathered.”
Shlok 1.26-28
तत्राऽपश्यत् स्थितान्पार्थः पितॄनथ पितामहान्।
आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा॥
tatrā’pashyat sthitānpārthah pitrūnatha pitāmahān;
āchāryānmātulānbhrātrūnputrānpautrānsakhīnstathā.
श्वसुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपि।
तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान्॥
shwasurānsuhrudashchaiva senayorubhayorapi;
tānsamīkshya sa kaunteyah sarvānbandhūnavasthitān.
कृपया परयाऽऽविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत्।
krupayāparayā’’vishṭo vishīdannidamabravīt;
Thereafter, Arjun only saw his paternal elders, grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, friends, fathers-in-law, loved ones, and others standing there in both armies. Having seen them—all of his kinsmen—positioned, Arjun, the son of Kuntī, became filled with deep compassion. He grievingly said the following:
Shlok 1.28-29
Arjun said
दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम्॥
drushṭvemam swajanam krushṇa yuyutsum samupasthitam.
सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं च परिशुष्यति।
वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते॥
sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukham cha parishushyati;
vepathushcha sharīre me romaharshashcha jāyate.
O Krishna! Upon seeing these kinsmen gathered on the battlefield and desirous to fight, my limbs grow languid, my mouth becomes parched, my body trembles, and my hair stands on end.
Shlok 1.30
गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते।
न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः॥
gāṇḍīvam sransate hastāttvakchaiva paridahyate;
na cha shaknomyavasthātum bhramatīva cha me manaha.
The Gāndiv bow is slipping from my hand, my skin is burning a great deal, it is as if my mind is spinning, and I am unable to even stand.
Shlok 1.31
निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव।
न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे॥
nimittāni cha pashyāmi viparītāni keshava;
na cha shreyo’nupashyāmi hatvā swajanamāhave.
O Keshav (Slayer of the demon Keshī)! I also see adverse signs. I also do not see any good in killing my kinsmen on the battlefield.
Shlok 1.32
न काङ्क्षे विजयं कृष्ण न च राज्यं सुखानि च।
किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा॥
na kānkshe vijayam krushṇa na cha rājyam sukhāni cha;
kim no rājyena govinda kim bhogairjīvitena vā.
O Krishna! I do not desire victory or a kingdom or even pleasures. O Govind (Krishna)! For us, what good is a kingdom? What is the point of such pleasures or even such a life?
Shlok 1.33
येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च।
त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च॥
yeshāmarthe kānkshitam no rājyam bhogāh sukhāni cha;
ta ime’vasthitāyuddhe prāṇānstyaktvā dhanāni cha.
Those for whom we desire a kingdom, pleasures, and comforts, they stand here in war, abandoning their wealth and their lives.
Shlok 1.34
आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः।
मातुलाः श्वसुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा॥
āchāryāh pitarah putrāstathaiva cha pitāmahāhā;
mātulāh shwasurāh pautrāh shyālāh sambandhinastathā.
They include our teachers, elders, sons, grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other kinsmen.
Shlok 1.35
एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसूदन।
अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते॥
etānna hantumichchhāmi ghnato’pi madhusūdana;
api trailokyarājyasya hetoh kim nu mahīkrute.
O Slayer of the demon Madhu (Krishna)! Even if I am killed, I do not desire to slay them, not even for sovereignty over the three realms. How, then, would I be willing to do it for land?
Shlok 1.36
निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान् नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दन।
पापमेवाऽऽश्रयेदस्मान् हत्वैतानाततायिनः॥
nihatya dhārtarāshṭrān nah kā prītih syājjanārdana;
pāpamevā’’shrayedasmān hatvaitānātatāyinaha.
O One who distresses the wicked (Krishna)! What joy will we have in killing the sons of Dhrutarāshtra? Upon killing these assailants, wrongdoing (pāp) will certainly cling to us.
Shlok 1.37
तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्स्वबान्धवान्।
स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव॥
tasmānnārhāvayam hantum dhārtarāshṭrānswabāndhavān;
swajanam hi katham hatvā sukhinah syāma mādhava.
Therefore, O Krishna! We are not justified in slaying the sons of Dhrutarāshtra, our own kinsmen. Indeed, how can we be happy having killed our kinsmen?
Shlok 1.38-39
यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः।
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम्॥
yadyapyete na pashyanti lobhopahatachetasaha;
kulakshayakrutam dosham mitradrohe cha pātakam.
कथं न ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादस्मान्निवर्तितुम्।
कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन॥
katham na jneyamasmābhih pāpādasmānnivartitum;
kulakshayakrutam dosham prapashyadbhirjanārdana.
Even though these Kauravs, whose thoughts are defiled by greed and who do not perceive fault in destroying one’s family or wrongdoing in harming one’s friends; Krishna, why should we, who are well aware of the immorality of destroying one’s family, not understand to turn back from this wrongdoing?
Shlok 1.40
कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाः।
धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्न्मधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत॥
kulakshaye praṇashyanti kuladharmāh sanātanāhā;
dharme nashṭe kulam krutsnmadharmo’bhibhavatyuta.
With the destruction of the family, the eternal family rites are destroyed. When these rites are destroyed, unrighteousness overcomes even the entire family.
Shlok 1.41
अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः।
स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः॥
adharmābhibhavātkrushṇa pradushyanti kulastriyaha;
strīshu dushṭāsu vārshṇeya jāyate varṇasankaraha.
O Krishna! Due to the dominance of unrighteousness, women of the family become morally corrupt. O Descendant of Vrushni (Krishna)! When women become morally corrupt, the intermixing of castes occurs.
Shlok 1.42
सङ्करो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च।
पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः॥
sankaro narakāyaiva kulaghnānām kulasya cha;
patanti pitaro hyeshām luptapiṇḍodakakriyāhā.
The intermixing of castes assuredly results in the family and its destroyers attaining narak.[4] Deprived of offerings of rice and water,[5] their ancestors descend.
Shlok 1.43
दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैः।
उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः॥
doshairetaih kulaghnānām varṇasankarakārakaihi;
utsādyante jātidharmāh kuladharmāshcha shāshwatāhā.
Because of these offenses caused by the intermixing of castes, the eternal family and caste rites of the destroyers of the family become abolished.
Shlok 1.44
उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दन।
नरकेऽनियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम॥
utsannakuladharmāṇām manushyāṇām janārdana;
narake’niyatam vāso bhavatītyanushushruma.
O Krishna! Those whose family rites are abolished indefinitely reside within narak; we have repeatedly heard this.
Shlok 1.45
अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम्।
यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः॥
aho bata mahatpāpam kartum vyavasitā vayam;
yadrājyasukhalobhena hantum swajanamudyatāhā.
Ah! Alas! We are resolved to commit great wrongdoing since we are intent on killing our kinsmen out of greed for the pleasure of sovereignty.
Shlok 1.46
यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः।
धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत्॥
yadi māmapratīkāramashastram shastrapāṇayaha;
dhārtarāshṭrā raṇe hanyustanme kshemataram bhavet.
It would be better for me if the armed sons of Dhrutarāshtra were to kill me, weaponless and unresisting, on the battlefield.
Shlok 1.47
Sanjay said
एवमुक्त्वाऽर्जुनः सङ्ख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत्।
विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः॥
evamuktvā’rjunah sankhye rathopastha upāvishat;
visrujya sasharam chāpam shokasamvignamānasaha.
Having said this, Arjun, whose mind was overcome by sorrow, set his bow and arrows aside and sat at the back of the chariot on the battlefield.
॥इति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे
श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादेऽर्जुनविषादयोगो नाम प्रथमोऽध्यायः॥
iti shrīmadbhagavadgītāsūpanishatsu brahmavidyāyām yogashāstre
shrīkrushṇārjunasamvāde’rjunavishādayogo nāma prathamo’dhyāyaha
In this way, within the Upanishad-like Shrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā, which is brahmavidyā and a sacred text on yoga, and in the dialogue between Shrī Krishna and Arjun, this concludes the first chapter titled “Arjun-vishād-yoga.”